Sleep Hygiene, Mediating the Association Between Circadian Typology and Psychological Distress: An Association Elicited by Mediation Analysis Model Among Young Sudanese Adults, 2022-2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.2280Keywords:
Physiological Stress, Quality, Sleep, Psychological Wellness, Medical StudentsAbstract
BACKGROUND: Circadian rhythms are regulated by genetic and environmental components. The association of intrinsic and extrinsic factor modulates physiological and individual sleep schedules sleep hygiene and even different chronotype. Evidence suggests evening-type individuals have a higher risk of reporting psychological distress than morning-type individuals. However, less is known regarding the underlying processes that might mediate this association among Sudanese young adults. This study aimed at assessing the mediating role of sleep hygiene on the relationship between circadian typology and psychological distress among young Sudanese adults.
METHODS: This is a cross sectional study. Conducted among medical students, graduates and medical interns of Al-Neelain University. Between April and August 2022. Morningness–Eveningness 19 items Questionnaire (MEQ) was used to assess chronotype preference. Kessler10-item Questionnaire was used to assess Psychological Distress, and sleep hygiene index (SHI) was used to screen Sleep hygiene behaviors. Hayes PROCESS macro (model 4) was used to perform the mediation analysis.
RESULTS: Among 303 medical students who complete the study questionnaire. Mean of age for study participants was (22.71±2.49). Sleep hygiene index mean score was (29.35±5.46) indicating poor sleep hygiene behaviors. Most of the population were Neutral in their circadian typology preference (58.1%). (89.8%) of our population had psychological distress, Chronotype correlated with severe psychological distress and poor sleep hygiene behaviors (r=-0.141, P<0.05) (r=-0.292, P<0.001) respectively. Poor sleep hygiene behaviors also correlated with severe psychological distress (r=0.466, P<0.001). Individuals who were severely psychologically distressed mostly had higher sleep hygiene mean scores than normal individuals (29.35±5.46), (21.61±6.42) (p<0.001). Sleep hygiene index scores were lower for Morning circadian typologies [definite Morning 22.50± (7.00), moderate morning 24.89± (5.63)] compared to evening typologies [definite evening 32.25± (4.43), moderate evening 29.00± (6.09)]. Which indicated good sleep hygiene behaviors for Morning chronotype groups. Figure 1.0 illustrates the distribution of mean sleep hygiene index scores across circadian preference groups. Multiple regression analysis results showed that there was no significant direct effect of chronotype on psychological distress β=-.0096, SE= .0496, t=-.1937, P=.8466, CI [-.1073-.0881]. We also found a significant indirect effect of sleep chronotype on psychological Distress (β=-0.113, SE=0.0265, CI [-.1698 - -.0649]. According to bias-corrected percentile bootstrap method the total effect was negatively significant, (β=-0.123, SE=0.0534, t=-2.30, p<0.05, CI [-0.2280 - -0.0178], indicating a full complimentary mediation between evening chronotype and impaired psychological wellbeing through sleep hygiene behaviors.
CONCLUSION: Sleep hygiene was found to mediate the correlation between eveningness and impaired psychological wellbeing, Improvement of Sleep hygiene behaviors is advised to enhance morning circadian typology as to prevent and reduce psychological distress. Interventions to enhance morning circadian typology should be prioritized to medical students, graduates and medical interns who are prone to eveningness to minimize the risk for psychological distress.
Metrics
References
Not applicable
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ahmed Abdelghyoum Mahgoub, Shima Algam Mohamed Musa, Fatima Fathelrahman, Arwa Abdelmonem Abdelaziz, Magid Omer Mahmoud, Ayad Abdalla Hamad Elneel, Anas Jafar Alsedeeg, Reham Abdelmoneim Taha, Ayman Izzeldin Hamad, Adnan Abdelrahman Eltayeb, Maab Osama Taj Elser
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- The Author retains copyright in the Work, where the term “Work” shall include all digital objects that may result in subsequent electronic publication or distribution.
- Upon acceptance of the Work, the author shall grant to the Publisher the right of first publication of the Work.
- The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
- Attribution—other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site; with the understanding that the above condition can be waived with permission from the Author and that where the Work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
- The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a prepublication manuscript (but not the Publisher’s final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work. Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
- Upon Publisher’s request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author’s own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
- The Author represents and warrants that:
- the Work is the Author’s original work;
- the Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
- the Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
- the Work has not previously been published;
- the Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
- the Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
- The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from the Author’s breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 6 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher’s use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.
Enforcement of copyright
The IJMS takes the protection of copyright very seriously.
If the IJMS discovers that you have used its copyright materials in contravention of the license above, the IJMS may bring legal proceedings against you seeking reparation and an injunction to stop you using those materials. You could also be ordered to pay legal costs.
If you become aware of any use of the IJMS' copyright materials that contravenes or may contravene the license above, please report this by email to contact@ijms.org
Infringing material
If you become aware of any material on the website that you believe infringes your or any other person's copyright, please report this by email to contact@ijms.org
