Frequency and Correlation of Body Mass Index and Waist-Hip Ratio with Fasting Glycemia and Blood Pressure in High School Students from Mexico

Authors

  • Lourdes Adriana Medina-Gaona Student of the third semester of the career in Medicine Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Mexico City Campus, Mexico
  • Nallely Enríquez-Sánchez Student of the third semester of the career in Biotechnology Engineering Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Mexico City Campus, Mexico.
  • Carla Elizabeth Mejía- Ramírez Student of the third semester of the career in Biomedical Engineering Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Mexico City Campus, Mexico.
  • Nathalia de Jesús Orueta-Mondragón Languages student, Centro Universitario Anglo Americano, Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico.
  • Heriberto Medina-Franco MD, Specialist in Oncological Surgery, Ascribed Surgeon of the Surgery Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición “Salvador Zubirán” Mexico City, Mexico.
  • Yareri Sandoval-Morales Nutritionist, Student of the third semester of the Masters in Clinical Nutrition Escuela de Dietética y Nutrición del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado Mexico City, Mexico.
  • Tanya Plett-Torres Pharmaceutical Biological Chemist, MSc and PhD (Health Sciences), Head of teaching of the MD/PhD program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Mexico City, Mexico.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2018.4

Keywords:

Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip Ratio, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Students

Abstract

Background: Overweight/obesity is a global public health problem in adolescents. Its frequency is increasing as similar to diabetes, hypertension, health expenses, and poor quality of life. Thus, detecting overweight/obesity early in life promises a positive impact on the world’s health.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, differences were explored between glycemia and blood pressure according to BMI, WHR, age, sex, number of daily meals and family history of chronic diseases in high school students from Mexico City.

Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the participants (115) was 26% and 7%, respectively. Fasting glycemia (mg/dL) was higher in students aged ?17 vs. ?18 (91.45±7.96 vs 87.59±10.06, p=0.038). All hyperglycemic students and with android adipose distribution were women. Compared to the other participants, overweight students had higher systolic (107.24±12.31 vs 115.73±15.28, p=0.003) and diastolic (70.99±10.93 vs 76.27±13.02, p=0.033) mean values (mmHg). Systolic values were higher in obesity (108.77±13.03 vs 118.63±18.38, p=0.048). Men had a higher frequency of systolic (32%, p=0.001) and diastolic (37%, p=0.023) prehypertension/hypertension than women (8% and 17%, respectively). Systolic prehypertension/hypertension was common in overweight (47% vs 53%, p=0.008). Skipping meals was common in students with family history of hypertension (13% vs 87%, p=0.005).

Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight was higher and of obesity was lower than the one reported in ENSANUT 2016 (22.4% and 13.9%, respectively). Sex differences in blood glucose and pressure were obtained: men had higher blood pressures and women with abdominal fat had higher fasting glycemia. Systolic blood pressure was higher in overweight and obesity.

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Author Biography

Lourdes Adriana Medina-Gaona, Student of the third semester of the career in Medicine Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Mexico City Campus, Mexico

Lourdes Adriana Medina Gaona is currently a third-year medical student of Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM) in Mexico City of a total of seven-year program. She is also a recipient of Honorific Mention given by ITESM in 2016.

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Published

2018-07-23

How to Cite

Medina-Gaona, L. A., Enríquez-Sánchez, N., Mejía- Ramírez, C. E., de Jesús Orueta-Mondragón, N., Medina-Franco, H., Sandoval-Morales, Y., & Plett-Torres, T. (2018). Frequency and Correlation of Body Mass Index and Waist-Hip Ratio with Fasting Glycemia and Blood Pressure in High School Students from Mexico. International Journal of Medical Students, 6(2), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2018.4

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018)

Section

Original Article

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